以色列總理拉賓994年接受諾貝爾和平獎時的演講
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1994年，阿拉法特與以色列總理拉賓、外長佩雷斯共同獲得該年的諾貝爾和平獎
YourMajesties，
EsteemedChairmanandMembersoftheNorwegianNobelPrizeCommittee，
TheHonorablePrimeMinisterofNorway，
MyFellowLaureates，ChairmanArafatandtheForeignMinisterofIsraelShimonPeres，
DistinguishedGuests，
SinceIdon''''tbelievethattherewasanyprecedentthatonepersongottheNobelPrizetwice，allowmeonthisopportunitytoattachtothisprestigiousaward，apersonaltouch.
AtanagewhenmostyoungstersarestrugglingtounravelthesecretsofmathematicsandthemysteriesoftheBible；atanagewhenfirstloveblooms；atthetenderageofsixteen，IwashandedariflesothatIcoulddefendmyself.
Thatwasnotmydream.Iwantedtobeawaterengineer.IstudiedinanagriculturalschoolandIthoughtbeingawaterengineerwasanimportantprofessionintheparchedMiddleEast.Istillthinksotoday.However，Iwascompelledtoresorttothegun.
Iservedinthemilitaryfordecades.Undermyresponsibility，youngmenandwomenwhowantedtolive，wantedtolove，wenttotheirdeathsinstead.Theyfellinthedefenseofourlives.
LadiesandGentlemen，
Inmycurrentposition，IhaveampleopportunitytoflyovertheStateofIsrael，andlatelyoverotherpartsoftheMiddleEastaswell.Theviewfromtheplaneisbreathtaking；deep-blueseasandlakes，dark-greenfields，dune-coloreddeserts，stone-graymountains，andtheentirecountrysidepepperedwithwhite-washed，red-roofedhouses.
Andalsocemeteries.Gravesasfarastheeyecansee.
Hundredsofcemeteriesinourpartoftheworld，intheMiddleEast——inourhomeinIsrael，butalsoinEgypt，inSyria，Jordan，Lebanon.Fromtheplane''''swindow，fromthethousandsoffeetabovethem，thecountlesstombstonesaresilent.ButthesoundoftheiroutcryhascarriedfromtheMiddleEastthroughouttheworldfordecades.
Standingheretoday，Iwishtosaluteourlovedones——andpastfoes.Iwishtosaluteallofthem——thefallenofallthecountriesinallthewars；themembersoftheirfamilieswhobeartheenduringburdenofbereavement；thedisabledwhosescarswillneverheal.Tonight，Iwishtopaytributetoeachandeveryoneofthem，forthisimportantprizeistheirs.
LadiesandGentlemen，
Iwasayoungmanwhohasnowgrownfullyinyears.InHebrew，wesay，''''Na''''arhayiti，ve-gamzakanti''''[Iwasayoungman，whohasgrownfullyinyears].AndofallthememoriesIhavestoredupinmyseventy-twoyears，whatIshallremembermost，tomylastday，arethesilences：Theheavysilenceofthemomentafter，andtheterrifyingsilenceofthemomentbefore.
Asamilitaryman，asacommander，asaministerofdefense，Iorderedtocarryoutmanymilitaryoperations.Andtogetherwiththejoyofvictoryandthegriefofbereavement，Ishallalwaysrememberthemomentjustaftertakingsuchdecisions：thehushasseniorofficersorcabinetministersslowlyrisefromtheirseats；thesightoftheirrecedingbacks；thesoundoftheclosingdoor；andthenthesilenceinwhichIremainalone.
Thatisthemomentyougraspthatasaresultofthedecisionjustmade，peoplemightgototheirdeaths.Peoplefrommynation，peoplefromothernations.Andtheystilldon''''tknowit.
Atthathour，theyarestilllaughingandweeping；stillweavingplansanddreamingaboutlove；stillmusingaboutplantingagardenorbuildingahouse——andtheyhavenoideathesearetheirlasthoursonearth.Whichofthemisfatedtodie？Whosepicturewillappearintheblackframeintomorrow''''snewspaper？Whosemotherwillsoonbeinmourning？Whoseworldwillcrumbleundertheweightoftheloss？
Asaformermilitaryman，Iwillalsoforeverrememberthesilenceofthemomentbefore：thehushwhenthehandsoftheclockseemtobespinningforward，whentimeisrunningoutandinanotherhour，anotherminute，theinfernowillerupt.
Inthatmomentofgreattensionjustbeforethefingerpullsthetrigger，justbeforethefusebeginstoburn；intheterriblequietofthemoment，thereisstilltimetowonder，towonderalone：Isitreallyimperativetoact？Istherenootherchoice？Nootherway？
''''Godtakespityonkindergartners，''''wrotethepoetYehudahAmichai，whoisherewithusthisevening——andIquotehis：
''''Godtakespityonkindergartners，
Lesssoontheschoolchildren，
Andwillnolongerpitytheirelders，
Leavingthemtotheirown，
Andsometimestheywillhavetocrawlonallfours，
Throughtheburningsand，
Toreachthecasualtystation，
Bleeding.''''
Fordecades，GodhasnottakenpityonthekindergartnersintheMiddleEast，ortheschoolchildren，ortheirelders.TherehasbeennopityintheMiddleEastforgenerations.
LadiesandGentlemen，
Iwasayoungmanwhohasnowgrownfullyinyears.AndofallthememoriesIhavestoredupinmyseventy-twoyears，Inowrecallthehopes.
Ourpeoplehavechosenustogivethemlife.Terribleasitistosay，theirlivesareinourhands.Tonight，theireyesareuponusandtheirheartsareasking：Howisthepowervestedinthesemenandwomenbeingused？Whatwilltheydecide？Intowhatkindofmorningwillwerisetomorrow？Adayofpeace？Ofwar？Oflaughter？Oftears？
Achildisborninanutterlyundemocraticway.Hecannotchoosehisfatherandmother.Hecannotpickhissexorcolor，hisreligion，nationalityorhomeland.Whetherheisborninamanororamanger，whetherhelivesunderadespoticordemocraticregimeisnothischoice.Fromthemomenthecomes，close-fisted，intotheworld，hisfate——toalargeextent——isdecidedbyhisnation''''sleaders.Itistheywhowilldecidewhetherhelivesincomfortorindespair，insecurityorinfear.Hisfateisgiventoustoresolve——tothegovernmentsofcountries，democraticorotherwise.
LadiesandGentlemen，
Justasnotwofingerprintsareidentical，sonotwopeoplearealike，andeverycountryhasitsownlawsandculture，traditionsandleaders.Butthereisoneuniversalmessagewhichcanembracetheentireworld，onepreceptwhichcanbecommontodifferentregimes，toraceswhichbearnoresemblance，toculturesthatarealientoeachother.
ItisamessagewhichtheJewishpeoplehascarriedforthousandsofyears，themessagefoundintheBookofBooks：''''Ve''''nishmartemme''''odl''''nafshoteichem''''——''''Thereforetakegoodheedofyourselves''''——or，incontemporaryterms，themessageofthesanctityoflife.
Theleadersofnationsmustprovidetheirpeopleswiththeconditions——theinfrastructure，ifyouwill——whichenablesthemtoenjoylife：freedomofspeechandmovement；foodandshelter；andmostimportantofall：lifeitself.Amancannotenjoyhisrightsifheisnotalive.Andsoeverycountrymustprotectandpreservethekeyelementinitsnationalethos：thelivesofitscitizens.
Onlytodefendthoselives，wecancalluponourcitizenstoenlistinthearmy.Andtodefendthelivesofourcitizensservinginthearmy，weinvesthugesumsinplanesandtanks，andothermeans.Yetdespiteitall，wefailtoprotectthelivesofourcitizensandsoldiers.Militarycemeteriesineverycorneroftheworldaresilenttestimonytothefailureofnationalleaderstosanctifyhumanlife.
Thereisonlyoneradicalmeansforsanctifyinghumanlife.Theoneradicalsolutionisarealpeace.
LadiesandGentlemen，
Theprofessionofsoldieringembracesacertainparadox.Wetakethebestandthebravestofouryoungmenintothearmy.Wesupplythemwithequipmentwhichcostsavirtualfortune.Werigorouslytrainthemforthedaywhentheymustdotheirduty——andweexpectthemtodoitwell.Yetweferventlypraythatthatdaywillnevercome——thattheplaneswillnevertakeoff，thetankswillnevermoveforward，thesoldierswillnevermounttheattacksforwhichtheyhavebeentrainedsowell.
Wepraythatitwillneverhappen，becauseofthesanctityoflife.
Historyasawhole，andmodernhistoryinparticular，hasknownharrowingtimeswhennationalleadersturnedtheircitizensintocannonfodderinthenameofwickeddoctrines：viciousFascism，terribleNazism.Picturesofchildrenmarchingtoslaughter，photosofterrifiedwomenatthegatesofthecrematoriamustloombeforetheeyesofeveryleaderinourgeneration，andthegenerationstocome.Theymustserveasawarningtoallwhowieldpower.
Almostallregimeswhichdidnotplacethesanctityoflifeattheheartoftheirworldview，allthoseregimeshavecollapsedandarenomore.Youcanseeitforyourselvesinourowntime.
Yetthisisnotthewholepicture.Topreservethesanctityoflife，wemustsometimesriskit.Sometimesthereisnootherwaytodefendourcitizensthantofightfortheirlives，fortheirsafetyandfreedom.Thisisthecreedofeverydemocraticstate.
IntheStateofIsrael，fromwhichIcometoday；intheIsraelDefenseForces，whichIhavehadtheprivilegetoserve，wehavealwaysviewedthesanctityoflifeasasupremevalue.Wehavenevergonetowarunlessawarwasforcedonus.
ThehistoryoftheStateofIsrael，theannalsoftheIsraelDefenseForces，arefilledwiththousandsofstoriesofsoldierswhosacrificedthemselves——whodiedwhiletryingtosavewoundedcomrades；whogavetheirlivestoavoidcausingharmtoinnocentpeopleontheirenemy''''sside.
Inthecomingdays，aspecialcommissionoftheIsraelDefenseForceswillfinishdraftingaCodeofConductforoursoldiers.Theformulationregardinghumanlifewillreadasfollows，andIquote：
''''Inrecognitionofitssupremeimportance，thesoldierwillpreservehumanlifeineverywaypossibleandendangerhimself，orothers，onlytotheextentdeemednecessarytofulfillthismission.''''Thesanctityoflife，inthepointofviewofthesoldiersoftheIsraelDefenseForces，willfindexpressioninalltheiractions.''''
Formanyyearsahead——evenifwarscometoanend，afterpeacecomestoourland——thesewordswillremainapillaroffirewhichgoesbeforeourcamp，aguidinglightforourpeople.Andwetakeprideinthat.
LadiesandGentlemen，
Weareinthemidstofbuildingthepeace.Thearchitectsandtheengineersofthisenterpriseareengagedintheirworkevenaswegatherheretonight，buildingthepeace，layerbylayer，brickbybrick.Thejobisdifficult，complex，trying.Mistakescouldtopplethewholestructureandbringdisasterdownuponus.
Andsowearedeterminedtodothejobwell——despitethetollofmurderousterrorism，despitethefanaticandcruelenemiesofpeace.
Wewillpursuethecourseofpeacewithdeterminationandfortitude.Wewillnotletup.Wewillnotgivein.Peacewilltriumphoverallitsenemies，becausethealternativeisgrimmerforusall.Andwewillprevail.
Wewillprevailbecauseweregardthebuildingofpeaceasagreatblessingforus，forourchildrenafterus.Weregarditasablessingforourneighborsonallsides，andforourpartnersinthisenterprise——theUnitedStates，Russia，Norway——whichdidsomuchtobringtheagreementthatwassignedhere，lateroninWashington，lateroninCairo，thatwroteabeginningofthesolutiontothelongestandmostdifficultpartoftheArab-Israeliconflict：thePalestinian-Israelione.Wethankotherswhohavecontributedtoit，too.
Wewakeupeverymorning，now，asdifferentpeople.Peaceispossible.Weseethehopeinourchildren''''seyes.Weseethelightinoursoldiers''''faces，inthestreets，inthebuses，inthefields.Wemustnotletthemdown.Wewillnotletthemdown.
Istandherenotalonetoday，onthissmallrostruminOslo.IamheretospeakinthenameofgenerationsofIsraelisandJews，oftheshepherdsofIsrael——andyouknowthatKingDavidwasashepherd；hestartedtobuildJerusalemabout3，000yearsago——theherdsmenanddressersofsycamoretrees，andastheProphetAmoswas；oftherebelsagainsttheestablishment，astheProphetJeremiahwas；andofmenwhowentdowntothesea，liketheProphetJonah.
Iamheretospeakinthenameofthepoetsandofthosewhodreamedofanendtowar，liketheProphetIsaiah.
IamalsoheretospeakinthenamesofsonsoftheJewishpeoplelikeAlbertEinsteinandBaruchSpinoza，likeMaimonides，SigmundFreudandFranzKafka.
AndIamtheemissaryofmillionswhoperishedintheHolocaust，amongwhomweresurelymanyEinsteinsandFreudswhowerelosttous，andtohumanity，intheflamesofthecrematoria.
IamhereastheemissaryofJerusalem，atwhosegatesIfoughtinthedaysofsiege；Jerusalemwhichhasalwaysbeen，andistoday，thepeople，whopraytowardJerusalemthreetimesaday.
AndIamalsotheemissaryofthechildrenwhodrewtheirvisionsofpeace；andoftheimmigrantsfromSt.PetersburgandAddisAbaba.
Istandheremainlyforthegenerationstocome，sothatwemayallbedeemedworthyofthemedalwhichyouhavebestowedonmeandmycolleaguestoday.
Istandhereastheemissarytoday——iftheywillallowme——ofourneighborswhowereourenemies.Istandhereastheemissaryofthesoaringhopesofapeoplewhichhasenduredtheworstthathistoryhastoofferandneverthelessmadeitsmark——notjustonthechroniclesoftheJewishpeoplebutonallmankind.
WithmeherearefivemillioncitizensofIsrael——Jews，Arabs，DruzeandCircassians——fivemillionheartsbeatingforpeace，andfivemillionpairsofeyeswhichlookatuswithsuchgreatexpectationsforpeace.
LadiesandGentlemen，
Iwishtothank，firstandforemost，thosecitizensoftheStateofIsrael，ofallthegenerations，ofallthepoliticalpersuasions，whosesacrificesandrelentlessstruggleforpeacebringussteadierclosertoourgoal.
Iwishtothankourpartners——theEgyptians，theJordanians，andthePalestinians，thatareledbytheChairmanofthePalestinianLiberationOrganization，Mr.YasserArafat，withwhomwesharethisNobelPrize——whohavechosenthepathofpeaceandarewritinganewpageintheannalsoftheMiddleEast.
IwishtothankthemembersoftheIsraeligovernment，butaboveallmypartnertheForeignMinister，Mr.ShimonPeres，whoseenergyanddevotiontothecauseofpeaceareanexampletousall.
IwishtothankmyfamilythatsupportedmeallthelongwaythatIhavepassed.
And，ofcourse，IwishtothanktheChairman，themembersoftheNobelPrizeCommitteeandthecourageousNorwegianpeopleforbestowingthisillustrioushonoronmycolleaguesandmyself.
LadiesandGentlemen，
AllowmetoclosebysharingwithyouatraditionalJewishblessingwhichhasbeenrecitedbymypeople，ingoodtimesandbadones，asatokenoftheirdeepestlonging：
''''TheLordwillgivestrengthtohispeople；theLordwillblesshispeople——andallofus——inpeace.''''
Thankyouverymuch.
