主謂一致
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主謂一致范文第1篇
一、概念解讀
He is going abroad.
They are playing football.
二、遵循原則
①語法一致（Grammatical concord）
主語和謂語在“人稱”和“數上”一致。
②意義一致（Notional concord）
謂語動詞的單復數形式取決于主語的意義。
③就近一致（Principle of proximity）
謂語動詞的單復數形式取決于鄰近的主語。
三、命題趨勢
高考試題對這一語法項目的考點是：名詞作主語時的謂語動詞形式；分隔情況下，主語和謂語一致；分數、百分數、不定式、動名詞作主語時的主謂一致。
四、考點精析
（一）名詞作主語
1.形單意復
①集體名詞army，class，committee，crowd，enemy，family，staff，team...作主語時，如強調整體謂語動詞用單數，如強調個體謂語動詞則用復數形式。
②集合名詞cattle，folk，majority，people，police，public，youth．．．作主語時，為謂語動詞用復數形式。
③物質名詞baggage/luggage，clothing，equipment，scenery．．．作主語時，為謂語動詞用單數形式。
2.形復意單
（1）謂語動詞用單數形式
①學科名詞及書報名、戲劇名等economics，maths，mathematics，physics，politics．．．
②專有名詞（國名）
The People’s Republic of China is a great country.
③以“s”結尾的不可數名詞goods，news，plastics．．．
（2）成雙成對使用的名詞chopsticks，clothes，compasses，shorts，stocks，sunglasses，trousers．．．謂語動詞一般用復數（如果被a/this/that/pair of修飾時，則用單數）。
3.單復數同形：aircraft，Chinese，crossroad，deer，fish，headquarters，means，species，works．．．作主語時，應根據其意義來決定謂語形式。
（二）并列結構作主語
1．由and，both．．．and...連接并列主語時，其內容是復數時謂語動詞一般用復數形式。
注：①當and連接的并列單數主語前若由no，each，every，many a．．．修飾時，謂語動詞要用單數；②當and不表示并列意義時，而連接兩個意義上表示同一人、同一物或同一概念以及由兩個部件構成的一個物品時則用單數：bread and butter，coffee and milk，salt and water，soda and water．．．
2.由or，either....or...，neither．．．nor...，not only．．．.but also...，not．．．but．．．連接的并列主語，謂語動詞在人稱和數上要與最鄰近它的主語保持一致，即“就近原則”。
Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it.
3．主語后有主語的修飾語accompanied by，with，along with，together with，like（像），but（除了），except，besides，as much as，rather than（而不是），including， in addition to．．．引導的短語時，謂語動詞在人稱和數上要與主語保持一致，恰好與就近原則相反，為方便記憶不妨將其稱為“就遠原則”。如，The teacher as well as students was excited.
（三）數量概念作主語
1．當名詞詞組的中心詞為表示度量、時間、距離、價格、金錢、重量、書刊影視名等復數名詞（短語）時，往往將其視為一個整體，謂語動詞用單數形式（如果強調數量，謂語動詞可用復數）。
Ten dollars is enough for him.
One hundred cents make a dollars.
2．“all，a lot of （lots of ），a number of，a part of，half of，most （of），none of，plenty of，some of，the rest（of），a quantity of，varieties of，分數/百分數……+of+名詞”構成的短語作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數取決于of后“名詞”的單復數。The first of the food is to be kept in the refrigerator.
3．由form，kind，part，sort，type等構成的短語作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數取決于of前面名詞的單復數。
This kind of apples is highly priced.=Apples of this kind are highly priced.
…
（四）不定代詞作主語
1．由代詞another，either，each（作sbj.時，若表示復數意義時，謂語動詞要用復數形式），every one，little，much，no one，neither，the other．．．及合成代詞anybody，anyone，anything，everything，nobody，somebody，something．．．作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式（若both作主語，謂語動詞用復數形式）。如，Each of the students is given one chance only.
2．few，many，most，none，several，some，such，thesame．．．作主語時謂語動詞形式由其所代替的內容決定。如，Most of my classmates work hard.
3..all，none做主語時，代表不可數名詞時總是看作單數，因而謂語動詞用單數；代表可數名詞復數時謂語動詞要用復數，None of us are/is perfect.
（五）特殊情況的主語
1．“the+adj./—ed（blind，poor，rich，unemployed，wounded以及最高級…）”結構作主語時，如表示一類可數的人或事物時，謂語動詞用復數。
2．There be及其延伸句型中謂語動詞使用就近原則。
There is an apple and some oranges on the table.
3．名詞性從句，動名詞及不定式作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數形式。
Serving the people is my great happiness.
主謂一致范文第2篇
A. is B. are C. am D. be
2. The teacher and writer________ready to give us a talk next week.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
3. As the saying goes,“All work and no play________Jack a dull boy.”
A. make B. makes C. made D. is made
4. Look, every boy and every girl________in the classroom.
A. is studying B. are studying C. study D. studies
5. The number of the students in our school________smaller than yours.
A. is B. are C. were D. have been
6. She as well as I________learned to skate.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
7. His family________watching TV after supper every day.
A. has liked B. liked C. like D. likes
8. The class________well in English since last term.
A. has done B. have done C. do D. does
9. The Chinese people________ready to make friends all over the world.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
10. Neither the manager nor the clerk________anything about it.
A. know B. has been known C. are knowing D. knows
11. My trousers________me well.
A. fit B. fitting C. fits D. are fitted
12. Each of them________best to do the work well.
A. are trying their B. have tried his best
C. is trying his D. has tried their best
13. In China the old________taken good care of in the old days.
A. was B. are C. were not D. were
14. Miss Liu, together with her students,________the hill now.
A. is climbing B. are climbing
C. climbs D. have climbed
15.________five dollars enough to buy the skirt?
A. Has B. Is C. are D. Is there
16. This kind of men________always dangerous.
A. is B. are C. make D. has
17. The Roberts________at the table for supper.
A. are seating B. are sitting C. is seated D. is sitting
18. One or two students________reading in the classroom.
A. is B. are C. does D. have
19. When and where to buy the machine________yet.
A. has not decided B. has not been decided
C. have not decided D. have not been decided
20. Between the two rivers________a bridge.
A. lie B. lies C. are lying D. has laid
21. Could you tell us what the news from Hong Kong________?
A. have B. has C. are D. is
22.________more than one person here.
A. It has B. It is C. There are D. There is
23. On the top of the hill________two big trees.
A. is B. are C. stands D. standing
24. One and a half apples________by the boy yesterday.
A. is eaten B. was eaten C. are eaten D. were eaten
25. To learn a foreign language well________hard but necessary.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
26. Lots of money________on education.
A. were spent B. has been spent C. has spent D. are spent
27. Politics________an important subject for us.
A. are B. is C. has D. have
28. This pair of glasses________ when I went downstairs.
A. is broken B. was broken C. are broken D. breaks
29. Here________a fat man.
A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming
30. None of them________a good swimmer.
A. are B. is C. do D. does
主謂一致范文第3篇
關鍵詞：主謂一致；主語；謂語
作者簡介：魏罕秀，任教于甘肅省皋蘭縣二中。
主謂一致，一般來說，謂語必須與主語和人稱在數上保持一致。其一致性涉及三方面，既語法上一致，意義上一致，就近一致。具體用法如下：
一、主語是下列情況的，謂語用單數
1.如果主語由“many a， more than one+單數名詞”構成，盡管從意義上看是復數，但謂語動詞仍用單數形式。如：
Many a child has made that mistake. (許多孩子都犯那種錯誤。)
There is more than one answer to your question. (你的這個問題不止一個答案。)
注：“more than+數詞+復數名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式。如：
More than one thousand workers are working in this factory. (有1000多名工人在這家工廠做工。)
2.“……四則運算（即加、減、乘、除）……”表示整體概念，謂語動詞多用單數形式。如：
88 and 2 is 100.(88加2等于100。)
Five times four is 20. (5乘以4等于20。)
3.“a +單數名詞+ or two”作主語，謂語動詞用單數；但“one or two+復數名詞”作主語，謂語動詞用復數。如：
A day or two is passed. (一兩天過去了。)
One or two hours have been spent. (一兩天過去了。)
4.由each ，every修飾的名詞作主語，或由each…and each…，every…and every…，no…and no…連接名詞作主語時，謂語用單數。如：
Each man and each woman has a chance to be raised in our company. (在我們公司，每個男女都有提升的機會。)
No boy and no girl doesn’t go to school at the age of seven in this village because of the Hope Project. (由于希望工程，我們村七歲的男孩女孩都去上學。)
注：each位于復數主語后或句末，則不影響謂語動詞的數。如：
The students each have a dictionary. (學生們每人都有一本字典。)
5. every-，any-，some- 等構成的復合不定代詞作主語，謂語用單數。如：
There is something wrong with the machine. (這臺機器有問題。)
6.all表示物時，謂語動詞用單數。如：
All was silent. (萬籟俱寂。)
All of the rubbish was cleaned away. (所有的垃圾都被清除了。)
注：當all作主語表示人時，謂語動詞用復數。如：
All but one were here just now.(除一人外，都剛剛在這兒。)
7.動名詞、動詞不定式、名詞從句或由and連接的兩個疑問代詞作主語時，謂語動詞常用單數。如：
To hold the Olympic Games is a rich prize for a country. (對于一個國家來說，承辦奧運會就是一份豐厚的獎品。)
When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet .
注：當what從句作主語時而表語是復數時，謂語動詞也可用復數。如：
What we badly need here are competent teachers.(我們這兒急需的是合格的老師。)
8.在“It +be+被強調部分+that(who)…”結構中，“be”用單數。如：
It is not only blind men who make such stupid mistakes. (不僅僅是盲人犯這樣的錯誤。)
二、主語是復數形式，而謂語用單數形式
1.國名、人名、書名、組織機構等專有名詞做主語，即使形式上是復數，謂語動詞仍用單數。如：
The United State is a developed country.
2.以-ics 結尾表示學科的名詞，如politics，physics，athletics，mathematics等做主語時，謂語用單數。如：
Mathematics is difficult to learn.
注：當以-ics結尾的表示學科的名詞前有物主代詞修飾，指某人的某方面知識時，謂語用復數。如：
His physics are poor.
3.當表示時間、距離、價格度量衡等的名詞作主語時，謂語用單數。如：
Ten years is quite a long time. (十年是漫長的時間。)
Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me. (步行15分鐘對我來說是較長的時間了。)
注：如果是指某一個體，則要根據語法一致的原則，謂語動詞用復數形式。如：
Twenty years have passed since we parted. (自從我們分手以后已經20年過去了。)
4. “One +and a half +復數名詞” 做主語時，謂語動詞用單數。如：
One and a half apples is left on the plate. (盤子里還有一個半蘋果。)
5.有些用來表示有兩個對應部分組成一體的名詞復數，如trousers， glasses， compasses 等做主語，前面若有“一條，一副，一把”之類的單位詞，謂語用單數；若沒有單位詞或單位詞是復數，則謂語用復數。如：
There is a pair of glasses on the desk. (桌子上有一副眼鏡。)
All the glasses are made of glass， not plastic. (所有的玻璃杯都是由玻璃制成的，而并非塑料。)
6.the number of短語做主語時，謂語動詞用單數。如:
As a result， the number of people who travel by plane in China is larger than ever before. 因此，中國乘飛機旅行的人數比以往多了。
注：a number of 短語做主語時，謂語動詞一般用復數，如：The number of people invited was fifty， but a number of them were absent fordifferent reasons.（邀請了五十人，但由于種種原因，大多數人沒來。）
三、主語是單數形式，而謂語動詞用復數形式
1.一些集體名詞，如cattle， police， people， militia（民兵）等，在句子中做主語時，謂語用單數。如：
Shortly after the accident， the police were sent to keep order. (事故后不久，警察被派來維持秩序。)
2.有些以-sh， -ese， -ch 結尾的表示國家、民族的形容詞與the連用時表示復數含義，謂語動詞用復數。如:
The Chinese are kind and friendly. (中國人親切、友好。)
3.當“the +形容詞（過去分詞）”指一類人作主語，如the old， the young， the rich， the dead， 謂語用復數。如:
The rich live a happy life， while the poor live a hard life. (富人過著快樂的生活，而窮人過著艱難的生活。)
四、謂語動詞的單復數根據主語的具體情況而定
1.一些集體名詞，如family， class， team， population， company， public， government， group， club等做主語時，當作為整體時，謂語動詞用單數；如果作為一個個體成員來考慮時，謂語動詞用復數。如：
My family are coming with me. (我的家人將和我一塊兒來。)
His family has just moved to Beijing. (他家剛搬到北京。)
2.一些表示部分概念或不定量的名詞或代詞作主語，形式上為單數，但謂語動詞的單復數應根據of后接名詞的單復數而定，這些詞有half， most， some等。如：
The most of his time is wasted over it. 他的大部分時間都浪費在這上面了。
Half of the books are novels. 一半書籍是小說。
3.名詞前有a lot of， lots of， plenty of， percent of等時，根據具體情況決定謂語動詞的單復數。
There are plenty of eggs in the basket. (籃子里有很多蛋。)
Lots of meat has been sold out. (很多肉已銷售。)
4.用and 連接的名詞作主語指兩個人和物時，謂語用復數；指同一個人和物時，謂語用單數。如：
The worker and writer comes from a small town. (這位工人兼作家出身于一個小城鎮。)
5.由not only…but also， either…or， neither…nor 或or 連接的并列主語，謂語動詞的單數形式或復數形式依最靠近他的名詞的單復試形式而定。如：
Either you or I am going to answer his question. (你和我必須有一個要回答他的問題。)
Not only he but also his friends have been to New York. (不僅他而且他的朋友都去過紐約。)
. as well as， besides， like， with， along with， together with， no less than， except， but， rather than等構成的短語不看作主語，謂語動詞的數與第一個主語的數保持一致。如：
The man with his daughters and son is watching TV. (這個人和他的兒女在看電視。)
The girls as well as the teacher are dancing. (姑娘們和這位老師在跳舞。)
7. 在there be 句型中，若有一系列并列主語時，根據就近原則，be 應與他相鄰的名詞的數保持一致。如：
There is a desk and three chairs in the room. (房子里有一張桌子和三把椅子。)
8. 在here 引起的倒裝句中，如果主語不止一個時，謂語動詞常與最靠近的主語一致。如：
Here are a few envelopes and some paper for you. (給你一些信封和紙。)
主謂一致范文第4篇
【考點一】 考查主、謂語語法上的一致
我們知道,從語法上講謂語動詞的形式應與主語在人稱和數上保持一致。
1. 若主語是單數形式,謂語動詞也是單數形式;若主語是復數形式,謂語動詞也是復數形式。
2. 不定代詞each作主語時,謂語動詞應為單數形式;而當each作主語為復數的同位語時,謂語動詞應為復數形式。
3. 主語后面跟有with, along with, as well as, but, except, besides, including等引起的短語時,謂語動詞的形式應與主語在人稱和數上保持一致。
4. 用and或both ... and連接兩個并列主語時,謂語動詞為復數形式。
[典型考例]
1. (2009年青島市) Both Tom and Kate_______in Qingdao now. They both_______from England.
A. is; come B. are; come
C. is; comes D. are; comes
【答案與解析】 句子的主語是由both ... and連接的Tom和Kate兩個人,故第一空的謂語動詞應為復數形式。因此,可先排除A、C兩項。第二個空白處所在的句子主語是they, both是其同位語,謂語動詞仍應為復數形式,據此又可排除D項。故正確答案為B。
2. (2009年廣東省) Everyone except Tom and John _______seen the film.
A. is B. has C. are D. have
【答案與解析】 句子的主語是Everyone, 其后的except Tom and John是介詞短語,作修飾語,謂語動詞的形式應與Everyone保持一致,應為單數形式。再由seen可以判斷,謂語動詞為現在完成時,因此正確答案為B。
3. (2009年瀘州市) My name_______Lucy. May I know your name?
A. am B. is C. are
【答案與解析】 主語My name是第三人稱單數,因此謂語動詞應為單數形式。故正確答案為B。
【考點二】 考查主、謂語意義上的一致
意義一致,指的是根據句子主語的單復數含義來確定謂語動詞的單復數形式,不只是看主語的末尾是否有“-s”或“-es”。
1. family, class, group, team等集合名詞作主語時, 如果把它們作為一個整體來看待,則謂語動詞應為單數形式;如指整體當中的一個個成員,則謂語動詞應為復數形式。
2. “分數或百分數 + of + 名詞”構成的短語作主語時,謂語動詞的形式應根據of后面名詞的數而定。若其后是可數名詞復數,則謂語動詞應為復數形式;若其后是可數名詞單數或不可數名詞,則謂語動詞應為單數形式。
3. 不定式(短語),動名詞(短語)或從句在句中作主語時,謂語動詞應為單數形式。
4. 不定代詞all, some, any, none等作主語時,應根據這些詞的具體含義來確定謂語動詞的單復數形式。如果它們含復數意義,則謂語動詞應為復數形式;如果它們相當于一個單數名詞或不可數名詞,則謂語動詞應為單數形式。但是由every, some, any, no等構成的復合不定代詞作主語時,謂語常為單數形式。
5. 表示時間、金錢、距離的復數名詞分別表示一段時間、一筆金錢或一段距離,并在句中作主語時,謂語動詞應為單數形式。
6. “the + 姓氏名詞的復數形式”意為“……一家”或“……夫婦”,并在句中作主語時,謂語動詞應為復數形式。
7. news, maths, physics, the United States等一些以“-s”結尾的名詞(短語)作主語時,謂語動詞常為單數形式;但trousers, shoes, glasses等復數名詞作主語時,謂語動詞應為復數形式,但其前有a/this pair of等修飾語時,謂語動詞應為單數形式。
8. “the number of + 復數名詞”意為“……的數量”,在句中作主語時,謂語動詞應為單數形式; “a number of + 復數名詞”意為“許多……”,在句中作主語時,謂語動詞應為復數形式。
[典型考例]
1. (2009年河南省) The number of students who_______ the English club_______20.
A. take part in; is B. join; are
C. take part in; are D. join; is
【答案與解析】 定語從句說的是“參加”俱樂部,這個“參加”應該用join表示。據此可先排除A、C兩項。 “The number of ...”意為“……的數量”,用其作主語時,后面的謂語動詞應為單數形式。故正確答案為D。
2. (2009年)_______ of the money _______been spent recycling the rubbish.
A. Three fourths; has B. Three fourths; have
C. Three fourth; has D. Three fourth; have
【答案與解析】 分數四分之三的正確表達形式為“three fourths”, 據此可先排除C、D兩項。 money是不可數名詞,那么Three fourths of the money在句中作主語時,謂語動詞應為單數形式。故正確答案為A。
3. (2009年南京市) ―How much _______ the shoes?
―Five dollarsenough.
A. is; is B. are; is
C. are; are D. is; are
【答案與解析】 問句的主語the shoes是復數形式,因此第一空應填are; 答句的主語Five dollars指的是一筆錢,因此謂語動詞應為單數形式,故正確答案為B。
【考點三】 考查主、謂語的就近一致原則
就近一致原則,指的是謂語動詞的形式應與最靠近它的那個主語在人稱和數上保持一致。
1. 在there be句型或以here開頭的句子中有兩個或兩個以上的主語時, be的形式應和與其最靠近的那個主語在人稱和數上保持一致。
2. either ... or ..., neither ... nor, not only ... but also ..., not ... but, or等連接兩個或兩個以上的并列主語時,謂語動詞的形式應和與其最靠近的那個主語在人稱和數上保持一致。
[典型考例]
1. (2009年寧波市) There _______some milk, two eggs and a few cakes on the table.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
【答案與解析】 此句屬there be句型,據此可先排除C、D兩項。根據就近一致原則, be的形式應與some milk的人稱和數保持一致,因此空白處應填is, 即正確答案為A。
2. (2009年樂山市) Neither he nor I _______ from Japan, that is to say, neither of usJapanese.
A. am; are B. are; is
C. am; is D. is; is
【答案與解析】 Neither ... nor ... 連接的是主語he和I。 依據就近一致原則,謂語動詞的形式應和I保持一致,據此可排除B、D兩項。 neither作主語時,謂語動詞應為單數形式。故正確答案為C。
3. (2009年石家莊市) Either Mary or he _______going to Paris. Only one person may go there.
主謂一致范文第5篇
一、主謂一致的基本用法
1.并列結構作主語，且當意義為復數時，謂語用復數形式。
注意:當主語由and連結時，如果它表示一個單一的概念，即指同一人或物時，謂語動詞用單數，and連接的兩個名詞前只用一個冠詞。如：
The writer and teacher Smith has gone through millions of ups and downs since he moved to Sydney.
2.主謂一致中的靠近原則。
（1）當there be句型的主語是一系列事物時，謂語應與最近的主語保持一致。如：
There is a bowl，two knives and several forks on the table..
There are thirty boy-students and twenty-five girl-students in the class.
（2）在由not only ...but also ...，not just ... but ...，or，neither ... nor ...，either ... or ...連接主語的句子中，謂語動詞的單復數遵循就近一致原則，即按與謂語動詞最靠近的那個主語來確定謂語動詞的單復數形式。如：
Not only Mary but also I am going to London next week.
3.謂語動詞與前面的主語一致。
當主語后面跟有with，together with，like，except，but，as well as 等詞引起的短語時，謂語動詞與前面的主語一致。如：
The teacher together with his students is discussing Writing Skills that was newly published in China.
4.謂語動詞與后接名詞或代詞保持一致。
（1）用half of，part of，most of 等詞引起主語時，動詞通常與of后面的名詞或代詞保持一致。如：
Most of her money is spent on dress.
（2）在more than ... of 作主語時，動詞應與其后的名詞或代詞保持一致。如：
More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.
5.謂語用單數。
（1）主語中含有each，every時，謂語動詞需用單數。如：
Each boy gets a present.
（2）當主語是一本書或一條格言時，謂語動詞常用單數。如：
The Arabian Nights is a book known to lovers of English.
（3）表示金錢、時間、距離、價格或度量衡的復合名詞作主語時，通常把這些名詞看作一個整體，謂語多用單數。（用復數也可，意思不變）如：
Two weeks is allowed for preparing for the examination.
6.指代意義決定謂語的單復數。
（1）代詞what，which，who，none，some，any，most，all等詞后面的謂語動詞的單復數由其指代的詞的單復數決定。如：
All is right.
All are present.
（2）集體名詞作主語時，謂語的單復數要根據主語的意思來決定，如family，audience，crowd，class，company，committee等詞后用復數形式時，意為這個集體中的各個成員，用單數時表示整個集體。如：
The committee is made up of 12 people.
Her family are music lovers.
但集合名詞people，police，cattle等在任何情況下后面的謂語動詞都用復數形式.
Are there any police around？
（3）有些名詞，如variety，number，population，majority等構成的表示“一些”的詞組作主語時，有時看作單數，有時看作復數。如：
A number of+名詞復數+復數動詞
The number of +名詞復數+單數動詞
The number of the students in our school is over 3，000.
二、主謂一致中的“表里不一”現象
1.“more than one +名詞”作主語時，從意義上看是復數，但謂語動詞常用單數。例如:
More than one high official has been questioned by the police since the mayor was shot dead.
2.“many a +名詞”作主語時，從意義上看是復數，但謂語動詞常用單數。例如:
Many a student has been sent to plant trees.
