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      電子商務世行和亞行國際金融機構商業計劃提綱

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      電子商務世行和亞行國際金融機構商業計劃提綱

      電子商務論文

      世行亞行國際金融機構商業計劃提綱[BusinessPlanOutline]

      1.ExecutiveSummary.

      A2-3pageoverviewofthebusinessplan.Thisistypicallythefirstthingthatventurecapitaliststurnto(thesecondisthesectiononthemanagementteam).TheExecutiveSummaryshouldoutlinewhatthecompanyhasdonesofarandwhatitplanstodointhefuture,andexplainwhythisisimportantorvaluable.

      Areastocoverarewhattheproductorserviceis,whyitisindemand,whowillpaymoneyforitandhowmuch,andhowlargethemarketis.Additionallyitisimportanttonotetheprogressthecompanyhasmadeinproductdevelopmentandintermsofrevenuesandotherfinancialmeasures,theexperienceandbackgroundofthemanagementteam,thefinancingdesiredandtheusesplannedforit,andofcoursehowtocontactthecompany.

      2.Industry&MarketAnalysis.

      Thissectionshouldexplainthebasisfortheneedforthecompany‘sproductorservice,howurgenttheneedis,andhowlargetheneedis.

      Questionsoftencoveredare:Istheindustryneworwell-established?Istheneedwellrecognizedorstillundiscovered?Whoarecustomers:consumers,thegovernment,orbusinesses?Whoarethecompetitors,whataretheirabilitiesandweaknesses,whyhavetheysucceededorfailed,whatistheirmarketshare,etc?Wherewillcompetitorsbein18monthsintermsofmarketpositionandproductcapability?

      Hereacompetitivematrixcanbeuseful:comparingyourselftocompetitorsintermsoffinancialperformance&resources,targetmarkets,productfunctionality,productpricing,areasofstrengthandweaknesses,keycustomers,andthelike.

      3.TargetMarket.

      Whatisyourtargetmarketandwhy?Whatareitsdynamics,size,locale,etc?Isitstableorevolvingrapidly?Whomakesthepurchasingdecisionsandhowlongisthetypicalsalescycle?Howmuchofthemarketcanyouexpecttogainwiththeresourcesthatyouplantohave?Whatisthecompetitivepricingsituation?Whatareindustrygrossmargins?Whatbarrierstoentryfaceplayersintheindustryandwhatregulatoryissuesmustbehandled?(Ifthiscompanyisinaregulatedindustrysuchasmedicalortelecommunications,theregulatorysectionmayneedtobeseparate.)Areanycustomerscritical,ordoanyaccountforadisproportionateshareofyourcurrentorforecastedrevenues?

      4.TheCompany&Management.

      Thissectionshouldofferabriefhistoryofthecompany,explainwhatbusinessthecompanyplanstobein,whatthecompanydoesparticularlywell,andwhoitisthatisdoingso-i.e.,themanagement,board,andownershipteam.

      Themanagementteamorganization,summariesofeachofkeymanagementteamresumes(withcompleteresumesprovidedintheappendix),holesintheteamthatyouplantofill,allareplacedhere.Additionally,informationontheboardofdirectorsisalsouseful.Anownershiptableshowingallshareholders,thenumberandtypeofshares,theirpercentofownership,andtheoptionsgrantedandavailableisanotherimportantpartofthissection.Alsonotehowthecompanyisorganized,asanLLC,Sub-S,CCorporation,etc.

      5.Product/ServicesOffered.

      Thisiswhereyouexplainwhatyouaresellingorplanningtosell.Doyouhaveany"unfair"advantagessuchaspatents,copyrights,andthelike?Whyshouldcustomerschooseyouoverthecompetition,andhavetheysofar?Howlongshouldthisadvantagelastifyoudonothingmore?Whatwillyouneedtodotocreate,maintain,orexpandupontheadvantages(R&D,salesteamdevelopment,customerpartnerships,lawsuits,etc)?WhatisthecurrentR&Deffortandwhatareitsgoalsandmilestones?WhatR&Deffortsareunderwayatcompetitors.

      6.Marketing&SalesPlan.

      Thissectionexplainshowyouplantoreachyourtargetcustomers.

      Howwillyouacquirecustomers,andhowmuchwillthatcost?Whatdistributionchannelsdoyouplantouse,andwhatmethodsofmarketingcommunicationmakesense?Willyoubuildaninternalsalesforce,useindependentreps,usetelemarketing,etc.,andhowwillyoucompensateeach.Whatisyourrevenueandunitbreak-even,andhowdoesthattietoyoursalesstrategy?

      7.Manufacturing/Operations/Logistics.

      Thissectionshouldcoverhowyoudesign,develop,manufacturetheproductorprovidetheservice(s).

      Isthishandledinternallyorbysubcontractors?Whoarekeysubcontractorsandwhatistheirexpertiseandbackground?Howproprietaryisthedesignandmanufacturingcomponent?IsISO9000/9001/GMPimportanttoyourorganization,andifso,howdoyoumanagetheprocess?Ismanufacturingcapital-intensiveorpeople-intensive?Whatiscapacityutilizationonaverageandatpeak?Whateconomiesofscalearepossible?Doyouhavecriticalsuppliers?

      8.FinancialData.

      Youshouldprovidehistoricalfinancialdatasuchasincomestatements,balancesheetsandcashflowstatementsforthepast3-5yearsifavailable,andnotewhethertheresultswereaudited,reviewedbyanoutsideaccountant,orcompiled.Additionally,year-to-dateresultsshouldalsobeprovided.Alsoyoushouldexplainsignificantitemsintheresults,andanalyzethetrendsandkeyratios.

      Theothermajorcomponentofthefinancialsectionistheforecast.Hereyoushouldprojectthenext3-5years(includingthecurrentyear)ofperformancefortheincomestatement,balancesheet,cashflowstatement,andifappropriate,providedetailoncapitalexpenditures.Theprojectionsshouldbedoneonbothanannualaswellaseitherquarterlyormonthlybasis,sincecashneedsduringtheyearcanoftenfarexceedcashneedsattheendofayear.

      Themajorassumptionsbehindyourprojectionsshouldbeexplained.Changesinkeyratiosfromhistoricalresultsshouldalsobeexplained.Oftenitishelpfultoshowsomesensitivityanalysis-theeffectofchangesinkeyvariablessuchasgrowth,grossmargins,salescycle,andthelikeontheincomestatementandcashposition.(Additionallyitisusefultoprovidecompensationhistoryandprojectionsoneachmemberofthemanagementteam.)

      9.Appendices.

      Hereyoushouldincluderesumesofthekeymanagementmembers,anyproductliteratureorbrochures,analysesofthemarketorindustry,orrelevantarticlesthatwouldhelpanoutsiderunderstandthesignificanceofyourcompanyandtheneedthatyouaremeeting.

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